Augmented Communication Devices in Autism Explained

Key Points:

• Augmented communication devices for autism can significantly improve the communication skills of non-verbal children or adults with autism.
• There are various types of devices, including picture-based systems, speech-generating devices, and apps.
• ABA therapy can support the effective use of augmented communication devices in individuals with autism.

In the world of autism, communication challenges are often one of the most profound hurdles individuals face. This is especially true for those who are non-verbal or have limited verbal communication. One approach that has transformed the lives of many children and adults with autism is the use of augmented communication devices. These devices can bridge the gap between what a person with autism wants to say and how they express it, fostering independence and improving social interactions.

Augmented communication devices for autism have become essential tools in the communication toolkit for individuals who struggle with verbal expression. From tablets with speech-generating apps to picture boards, these devices enable individuals to express themselves more effectively, enhancing their quality of life and helping them thrive in daily interactions.

What are Augmented Communication Devices?

Augmented communication devices are technologies or tools that support or replace speech for individuals who are unable to communicate verbally. For those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), these devices can play a pivotal role in both understanding and expressing thoughts, feelings, and needs.

These devices may range from low-tech solutions, like picture cards or boards, to high-tech systems such as speech-generating devices (SGDs) that can produce spoken words. They are tailored to the individual’s needs, abilities, and level of communication, offering a versatile approach to communication.

4 Types of Augmented Communication Devices for Autism

Understanding the different types of communication devices is key to finding the right one for your child or loved one with autism. These devices vary in complexity and functionality, but all aim to make communication easier and more efficient.

Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS)

• What it is: PECS is a low-tech, picture-based communication system often used with younger children or those who are just beginning to develop communication skills. It involves the individual using pictures to express needs or requests.
• How it works: The user selects an image from a series of pictures and hands it to a communication partner to request an item or express an idea.
• Why it’s effective: This system is easy to understand and can be introduced early on, allowing individuals to start communicating even before they develop speech.

Speech-Generating Devices (SGDs)

• What it is: SGDs are electronic devices that produce speech when a user selects symbols or text. These devices can range from simple, button-pushing systems to more advanced tablets with custom apps designed for communication.
• How it works: The user selects an icon, word, or sentence on a screen, and the device reads it out loud.
• Why it’s effective: SGDs provide a more dynamic range of communication options, enabling users to express themselves more fully with words, phrases, or sentences. This offers a powerful tool for non-verbal individuals to engage in conversation, ask questions, and share thoughts.

Tablet-Based Apps

• What it is: Many apps designed for communication can be downloaded onto tablets or smartphones. These apps often use a grid of images or words that the user can tap to form sentences.
• How it works: These apps often feature a customizable interface, so the device can evolve with the user’s needs. They may also incorporate text-to-speech functionality to help users produce spoken words.
• Why it’s effective: Tablet-based apps are flexible and can be adjusted as the user progresses in their communication abilities. They are also highly portable and can be used in various environments, from school to home.

Eye-Tracking Systems

• What it is: Eye-tracking systems are advanced devices that allow users to select words or symbols using only their eye movements. These systems are particularly beneficial for individuals who have limited mobility.
• How it works: The device uses sensors to track the user’s eye movements, translating these movements into selections on the screen.‍
• Why it’s effective: For individuals with physical impairments, eye-tracking systems provide a hands-free way to communicate, offering a critical means of interaction when other methods may not be possible.

4 Benefits of Augmented Communication Devices in Autism

The use of augmented communication devices in autism offers numerous benefits, particularly for individuals who struggle to express themselves verbally. Let’s explore the key advantages of using these devices:

Enhanced Social Interaction

• Communication is the cornerstone of social interaction. By enabling individuals with autism to communicate more effectively, augmented communication devices improve their ability to engage with peers, family members, and teachers.
• This can lead to more meaningful relationships, less frustration, and a better understanding of others.

Increased Independence

• For many children and adults with autism, expressing needs and desires can be a challenge. Augmented communication devices allow users to communicate their wants and needs independently, reducing reliance on others for interpretation.
• This can foster greater self-confidence and autonomy, leading to a better quality of life.

Improved Academic and Functional Skills

• Augmented communication devices support not only social communication but also academic learning. In the classroom, these devices can be used to aid in following instructions, participating in group activities, and expressing understanding.
• This can promote better educational outcomes and help individuals with autism thrive in academic settings.

Reduction in Behavioral Issues

• Many behavioral issues in individuals with autism arise from frustration due to an inability to communicate effectively. By using augmented communication devices, individuals can reduce their frustration levels, as they now have a means to express themselves clearly.
• This can lead to a reduction in challenging behaviors, such as tantrums or aggression, as communication barriers are lessened.

How ABA Therapy Supports the Use of Augmented Communication Devices

ABA (Applied Behavior Analysis) therapy is a widely used and evidence-based approach for helping individuals with autism develop essential skills, including communication. When combined with augmented communication devices, ABA therapy can provide powerful support in helping individuals learn to use these tools effectively.

ABA therapy focuses on teaching functional communication skills, breaking tasks down into small, manageable steps. This is especially useful when teaching someone to use an augmented communication device. With ABA techniques, individuals can learn to consistently use the device in various settings, such as at home, at school, or in social situations.

Key ways ABA therapy supports augmented communication device use include:

• Task Analysis: ABA therapists break down the process of using a device into smaller steps, making it easier for the individual to understand and master.
• Reinforcement: Positive reinforcement is used to encourage the individual when they successfully use their communication device. This motivates continued use and practice.‍
• Generalization: ABA therapy helps individuals apply the skills they learn with the device to a variety of environments and situations, ensuring that they can use it effectively in all aspects of their life.

How to Choose the Right Augmented Communication Device for Your Loved One

Choosing the right augmented communication device for someone with autism can feel overwhelming, given the range of options available. Here’s a guide to help you make an informed decision:

Assess the Individual’s Needs

Consider their level of communication skills, motor abilities, and cognitive abilities. Some individuals may need a simple picture exchange system, while others may benefit from a more advanced speech-generating device.

Consider Portability and Durability

If the device will be used on the go, make sure it is portable and durable enough to withstand daily use. Some devices, like tablets, are easily portable and can be customized to fit the user’s needs.

Look for Customization Options

Many devices allow you to customize the symbols, words, or layout of the system to suit the individual’s preferences and abilities. This can make communication more efficient and meaningful.

Consult with Professionals

Working with an AAC (Augmentative and Alternative Communication) specialist, speech-language pathologists, and ABA therapists can help guide your decision. They can recommend the best tools based on the individual’s needs and goals.

How ABA Therapy Can Support Communication Devices

If you’re exploring options to support your loved one’s communication skills, augmented communication devices can be an excellent solution. Combined with ABA therapy, these devices can significantly enhance your child’s or loved one’s ability to express themselves and interact with the world around them.

At Astra ABA, we offer ABA therapy that can help integrate and maximize the use of augmented communication devices for individuals with autism. With our expertise in applied behavior analysis, we work closely with families in Indiana and North Carolina to provide tailored, evidence-based therapy. Contact us today to learn how we can support your child’s communication journey.